Made in China

NYT reports on evidence from the June 17th Senate Armed Services Committee hearings. To wit: training materials for interrogation techniques used at Guantanamo were lifted directly from a 1957 Air Force study of techniques used by China to extract confessions from US prisoners during the Korean War.

"The 1957 article from which the chart was copied was entitled “Communist Attempts to Elicit False Confessions From Air Force Prisoners of War” and written by Albert D. Biderman, a sociologist then working for the Air Force, who died in 2003. Mr. Biderman had interviewed American prisoners returning from North Korea, some of whom had been filmed by their Chinese interrogators confessing to germ warfare and other atrocities."

Now there's globalization for you.

Senator Carl Levin stated that "every American would be shocked" at the origin of these techniques, but look closely at his reasoning:

“What makes this document doubly stunning is that these were techniques to get false confessions,” Mr. Levin said. “People say we need intelligence, and we do. But we don’t need false intelligence.”

Apparently, it's not that we imported a morally suspect product from China, it's that the product is defective.

Kristof on China's "Genocide Olympics"

Nicholas Kristof's latest rant in the New York Times excoriates China's continuing sale of A-5 Fantans, helicopter gunships, and light weapons to the Sudanese government - what Musa Hilal, the former janajweed leader recently appointed by Khartoum to a senior government post has gratefully called "the necessary weapons and ammunition to exterminate the African tribes in Darfur."

Kristof writes: "China is crucial. If Beijing were to suspend all transfers of arms and spare parts to Sudan until a peace deal is reached in Darfur, then that would change the dynamic.

Without his Chinese shield, Mr. Bashir would be more likely to make concessions to Darfur rebels and negotiate seriously with them, and he would no longer have political cover to resume war against South Sudan. That would make long-term peace more likely in Darfur and also in South Sudan."

Kristof hopes that the "Genocide Olympics" campaign, global civil society's response, will exert a moderating effect on Beijing sooner rather than later. But without a genuine boycott, what are the chances?

Grasping the Mandate...

Gentle readers, forgive my prolonged absence from this journal; my travels in the East have preoccupied my attentions, but since I could never forgive myself if the pale flowers of your blossoming intellects were to wither, deprived of the light of my insightful commentary, I must once again lay electronic pen to virtual paper and illuminate your worldview with the following observations.

Wake up, Americans, and other denizens of the Western world. A new Empire arises in the East.

It is a testament to human frailty that most people live and think (and I use the expression in the loosest possible sense) in the present; worse yet, government in general and the military in particular are often guilty of thinking in the past.

Thus it is that we are much focused on Iraq and Afghanistan, one the breadbasket of the Middle East, the other a desolate realm of savage tribesmen and opium poppies.

These environs are only notable in that the world's sole superpower has entangled itself in a pair of guerrilla wars, pouring 450 billion dollars into Iraq alone, to accomplish what? Of small note is that world hunger could be eradicated at a cost of 13 billion dollars, eliminating much of the impetus for hungry, desperate men to take up arms, but I digress.

Was the irony of my previous paragraph lost on you, good Sir or Madam? World's sole superpower? Not anymore. The Bear grumbles in the North, but it is the Dragon who rises in the new millenium.

Consider the dynastic cycle, which for 6 millenia has formed the basis for Chinese political thought.

1. A corrupt regime plunges the nation into famine and instability.
2. The rulers lose the "Mandate of Heaven." Civil war ensues.
3. A new ruler comes to power over the bodies of his enemies.
4. Draconian rules quell the anarchy inherent in civil wars.
5. The population pulls together under their new yoke.
6. The rule of law prevails, fortunes rise, and restrictions are eased.
7. The "Mandate of Heaven" is restored. China enters a "Golden Age"
8. Generations of prosperity lead to indolence and corruption in the Empire.
9. The cycle repeats itself.

Since 1950, we have seen the first 5 phases of the dynastic cycle. Now, the Chinese leaders are prepared to grasp the "Mandate of Heaven" and usher in a Golden Age...

Previous dynasties, looking out upon the world, found it peopled with hairy savages whose wretched industries were a source of merriment in the court - "these people (speaking of the English) wish to trade with us, but what do they have that we want?" said one official of the early attempts by Westerners to exchange merchandise.

And so the Middle Kingdom closed its borders and turned its focus inward. That mistake will not be repeated this time. China will grow in this century, and will become a maritime power to reckon with.

For over a century, American warships have been tasked with two major assignments; keeping the sea lanes open to American merchant ships, and "power projection" - in short, showing the force of the Fleet, not in war games, but simply in port calls at distant places. Like Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan, and the Philippines. A quiet reminder to the Dragon and Tigers that like it or not, the Eagle can float an armada right up to your doorstep, 4.5 acres of sovereign American territory, packing more firepower than most of the worlds smaller countries.

Within a decade, we will be obliged to deal with the reality that a Chinese carrier task force may be making a port call in a distant harbor, such as Honolulu, or San Francisco. Or, that we may not be able to pull our carrier strike group into Singapore on the day we would like to, because the Chinese have already booked the piers and wharves for that day.

We may also learn to our dismay that in fact, we can't ever pull into Singapore, because a Chinese conglomerate has bought the port facilities for a few billion dollars, while we were busy frittering away our men and treasure on a fool's errand in the sand.

The world is changing, my friends, and we are not changing with it; instead, we are busy fighting yesterday's war today, with little thought to where we'll be tomorrow.

Cest'la guerre.

See What I Mean?

Recently I blogged about the domestic impact of the emerging international anti-death-penalty norm, even in countries who are unlikely to ever sign a new treaty abolishing capital punishment.

Today, al-Jazeera reports that China is Moving Toward Humane Executions:

"China has announced plans to step up use of lethal injection instead of shooting as the means of carrying out executions, a senior law enforcement official has said.

Jiang Xingchang, vice president of the Supreme People's Court, was quoted by the China Daily on Thursday as saying death by lethal injection was 'considered more humane.'"